glutathione s-transferase gst activity The Multifaceted Role of S-Transferases in Health and Disease Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity (mM/mg protein/min.)

However, zinc supplementation was found to alleviate this suppression, restoring MT expression and highlighting the protective role of MTs in maintaining metal homeostasis under toxic conditions (Dong et al., 2024)

Polyphenols (flavonoids, phenolic acids) and carotenoids contribute to redox/inflammatory control, with plausible higher functional relevance luteally (increased ROS), but total flavonoid intake shows limited associations with E2, P4, or prolactin in premenopausal women, though low carotenoid status links to irregularity (OR 1.21.5) [167]

Dose escalation is stopped when pre-defined exposure or toxicity thresholds are reached

Peer review Peer review information Nature Communications thanks Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Hiroaki Mano, Andrej Pavlovic and Michael Wudick for their contribution to the peer review of this work