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Koudounas K

Dysregulation of lipid and amino acid metabolism precedes islet autoimmunity in children who later progress to type 1 diabetes

Figure 1 2.1 Overproduction of ROS One hallmark feature of IBD is the overproduction of ROS, which causes dysregulation of signal transduction, an inflammatory response, and DNA damage, all of which contribute to the progression and deterioration of the disease ( 2), nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl radical (-0H), hydroperoxyl radical (O 2 H), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and singlet oxygen (32)

Besides, the regulation of fatty acid metabolism by mitochondria and the formation mechanism of IR in metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus and liver diseases are the hot topics of current research [175, 393]