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doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1711016 Received 23 September 2025 Revised 16 December 2025 Accepted 31 December 2025 Published 27 February 2026 Volume 16 - 2025 Edited by Antonio Simone Lagan, University of Palermo, Italy Reviewed by Hui Li, First Peoples Hospital of Changzhou, China Filipa Cristina Costa Ferreira, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisa Agropecuria e Veterinria (INIAV), Portugal Updates Copyright 2026 Xie, Zhang, Lin, Cheng and Huang

As cytosolic subunits like Rac1 translocate to the membrane when the NADPH oxidase complex is activated, it is possible to evaluate the activation of the complex by determining the concentration of those subunits in membrane fractions of the cell lysates [54]

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