mitochondrial glutathione regulation and functions Glutathione: Recent Insights Role in Disease Glutathione Depletion in Mitochondrial Diseases

Brown ZJ, Fu Q, Ma C, Kruhlak M, Zhang H, Luo J, et al

Figure 4 3.2 Dysregulation of inflammatory cytokinesthe core of excessive immune inflammatory responses Acute dysregulation of MPP typically occurs during the early phase of infection (12 weeks), characterized by excessive or dysregulated activation of the host innate immune system: (i) At the immune level, this primarily involves excessive cytokine release alongside overactivation of innate immune cells, initiating multifaceted proinflammatory cascades including NLRP

These results are consistent with a cysteine-related metabolic deficit

It will take multidisciplinary creativity to overcome these challenges, but doing so may open the door to turning exosome-based technologies into revolutionary instruments for next-generation diagnostics and individualized therapies (Li et al., 2022a