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B12 helps the body make serotonin, the happy neurotransmitter

Research in rodent SCI models (clip compression, transection, contusion) demonstrates: Improved functional research applications (Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale scores) in BPC-157-treated animals compared to vehicle controls Reduced lesion volume at chronic timepoints, suggesting neuroprotection of spared tissue in the penumbra zone Enhanced axonal regrowth markers (GAP-43, growth-associated protein-43) in the injury zone Reduced glial scar (GFAP-positive astrocytic reactivity) at the lesion boundary a significant finding given that glial scar formation is the primary physical barrier to axonal regeneration The angiogenic mechanism of BPC-157 (VEGF stimulation, endothelial tube formation) is particularly relevant to SCI research: the spinal cord is highly vascular, and ischaemic secondary injury following disruption of spinal vasculature drives extensive secondary neurodegeneration

Freezing reconstituted solutions causes irreversible damage

The choice depends on your research priorities