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Choline and its metabolites are differently associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, history of cardiovascular disease, and MRI-documented cerebrovascular disease in older adults

However, there were no significant differences in all-cause mortality (OR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.06, P = 0.07), six-minute walk (WMD: 45.41 m, 95% CI: 14.46 to 105.29, P = 0.14), and adverse events between L-C and control groups (5.4% versus 5.8%, OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.44 to 1.92, P = 0.83)

doi: 10.1128/mBio.02481-14 8 AriasNArboleyaSAllisonJKaliszewskaAHigarzaSGGueimondeMet al

See examples of related research such as a pilot study on L-carnitine supplementation (PMC pilot study), work on TMAO changes after L-carnitine cessation (MDPI TMAO study), and microbial carnitine metabolism findings (PNAS microbial transformation paper)