glutathione levels raise glutamine drives synthesis and contributes to radiation sensitivity of A549 and H460 lung cancer cell lines 5 Route of synthesis of

Protein adsorption experiments 1 mg mL 1 of LAAM GSH-CQDs, commercial Lipo 2000 reagent (Sigma-Aldrich), and GO-CQDs prepared from heating the citric acid powder were mixed with 20 times diluted FBS in a volume ratio of 1:1, followed by vortexing for 30 s and incubation at 37 C for 30 min

ROS-mediated cell signaling As outlined above, ROS have origin from two main sources: mitochondrial oxidative metabolism and processes of cellular response to xenobiotics, bacteria, and cytokines during which ROS are formed as a part of either signal transduction pathways or a cellular defense mechanism (Finkel 2011)

However, currently, their role as therapeutic agents remains uncertain

Dehydration was conducted in xylene (3 5 min), and the slides were sealed with neutral mounting medium