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Michael Bloomberg, a fierce detractor of e-cigarettes, warns without any clinical evidence that adolescent vapers risk IQ losses of up to 15 points for the rest of [their] life. The CDC states that nicotine can harm brain development, which continues until about age 25. Prominent anti-smoking organizations and the surgeon general also forecast bad outcomes

Since then, the tobacco market has opened to overseas manufacturers

Results: Fruity, menthol/mint, and sweet flavors increase nicotine consumption and preference for e-cigarettes in animal models and are also linked to inflammation, cellular damage, and cardiovascular changes

ISBN 978-0-12-811242-7