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68 Renal pathology is seen in GLP-1 receptor knockout mice due to an increase in glomerular superoxide, an upregulation of renal nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase expression, and a decrease in renal cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and protein kinase A (PKA) activity

Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor Inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 ( DPP-4 inhibitors or gliptins ) are a class of oral hypoglycemics that block the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4)

(But as the review points out, some research is conflicting.) Exactly whats going on needs further study

Stimulation of cloned human glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor expressed in HEK 293 cells induces cAMP-dependent activation of calcium-induced calcium release