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Description
Surgeries that affect the stomach where intrinsic factor is made, or the ileum (the last portion of the small intestine) where vitamin B12 is absorbed, can increase the risk of a deficiency

DOI: 10.1007/s13346-018-00613-y Abdelwahab OA et al, "Efficacy of different routes of vitamin B12 supplementation for the treatment of patients with vitamin B12 deficiency: A systematic review and network meta-analysis." Irish Journal of Medical Science, June 2024

Unfortunately, it is generally difficult to directly measure human brain alcohol concentration

Brain fog is a common issue for people following plant-based diets, as B12 is found primarily in animal-based foods
