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[1] While some fatty acids can, long chain fatty acids cannot pass through the mitochondrial membrane

When 1 mM of the precursor was supplemented, 15.9 M L-carnitine could be found in the supernatant (1.6% molar yield as judged by the L-carnitine and TML concentrations in the culture medium)

Most tissue-specific autoantigens are hormones or hormone precursors, for example, insulin and thyroglobulin (Tg), or enzymes, for example, glutamic acid decarboxylase and thyroid peroxidase

Still, another study from 2023 emphasized that more research is needed to understand the interplay between selenium and migraine
