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The introduction of the cyano group was accomplished by boron trifluoride-catalyzed reaction with trimethylsilyl or tributyltin cyanides and the stereochemical outcome of these reactions strongly depends on the protecting group

In: Tasman A, Riba MB, Alarcn RD, Alfonso CA, Kanba S, Lecic-Tosevski D, Ndetei DM, Ng CH, Schulze TG (eds) Tasmans psychiatry [Internet]

10.1080/15376516.2020.1747125 151 ZhangC.JiaX.BaoJ.ChenS.WangK.ZhangY.et al (2016)

However, their persistence in the environment raises serious toxicological concerns, such as lung toxicity (inflammation, fibrosis, and respiratory dysfunction), skin toxicity (allergic reactions and dermatitis), liver damage (oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation), kidney toxicity (nephrotoxicity and filtration interference), and cardiovascular problems (endothelial dysfunction and arterial plaque formation)