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Advances in Molecular Toxicology

GHK-Cu is sensitive to pH, light, oxygen and heat

Implications Resistance mechanisms that undermine the immunomodulatory effects of CD38targeting therapies can be tumor intrinsic, such as the downregulation of CD38 surface expression and expression of complement inhibitor proteins, and immune microenvironmentrelated, such as changes to the natural killer (NK) cell numbers and function in the bone marrow niche

Because of this, the choice of microbial strain and any related proteolytic activity will decide the best release of bioactive peptides, regardless of the specificity of the protease used in the enzymatic hydrolysis (Nasri et al., 2022)